Mustapha Habib Ahmed, Director General of the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) convened a high-powered stakeholder meeting under the auspices of the National Emergency Coordination Forum (ECF) on Wednesday, August 30, 2023.
The meeting was necessitated by the notification received from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, regarding the modulated release of water from the Lagdo Dam in Cameroon into the Benue River.
The forum was attended by heads and representatives from the Disaster Preparedness and Response Federation (DPRF), Nigeria Hydrological Services Agency (NIHSA), UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (UNOCHA), National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA), National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), National Population Commission, civil defence, Institute of Peace and Conflict Resolution, Red Cross, road safety, and other relevant organizations.
In his comments, the NEMA DG informed the gathering that Cameroonian authorities triggered a release of water from the Lagdo Dam into River Benue on August 14, 2023, at the rate of 200 cubic meters per second which is about 18 million cubic meters of water per day.
The NEMA DG also noted that even though the release of water is currently being modulated, the Cameroonian authorities may commence full discharge of excess water from the dam in the event of the region experiencing heavy amounts of rainfall. The modulated release notwithstanding, the full discharge of excess water from the dam may result in all front-line states experiencing flooding in subsequent days and weeks.
With some states already experiencing flooding in parts of the country, the release from the Lagdo Dam has the potential to worsen the flood situation and Nigeria needs to take urgent proactive and preventive measures to address and mitigate the impact.
NEMA is prioritising collaboration and resilience-building
The ECF provided a platform for critical stakeholders to strategize and ensure that the release does not cause much negative impact on the low-lying communities along the states that could be affected.
Low-lying states downstream of River Benue are Adamawa, Taraba, Benue, Nasarawa, Kogi, Anambra, Enugu, Edo, Delta, Rivers and Bayelsa States.
The forum which emphasized the significance of coordination in disaster management adopted an interactive methodology that allowed for active engagement, knowledge sharing, discussions, and practical exercises, fostering a deeper understanding and commitment among the participants to the objectives of the event.
The information available from the flow level of the River Benue at the Nigerian Hydrological Service Agency (NIHSA) gauging station in Makurdi showed that water levels stood at 8.66 cubic meters on August 25th, 2023 compared to 8.3 cubic meters recorded on the same date on the previous year.
NISHA has also noted that the flow level of the River Niger system, especially at Niamey, Niger Republic, remains stable at a normal level of 4.30 meters. Similarly, inland dams including Kainji, Jebba, and Shiroro reported consistent flow regimes.
The forum was informed that the spillage rate was reduced to 4 million litres per day, equivalent to 50 cubic meters per second on the 24th of August and as of the most recent update, it was reported that spillage had ceased entirely due to the closure of the dam gates.
Nigeria has been dialoguing with Cameroon about the dam and this led to the signing of a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) on the 3rd of May, 2016. However, the MOU lacked explicit provisions outlining responsibilities and obligations for both parties. Consequently, a gap in effective communication and collaboration persists between the two nations on matters about water release. That is now being addressed.
Other long-term measures by NEMA to mitigate against the yearly occurrence have seen initiatives for a buffer dam in Adamawa State which has progressed through studies and design phases. It is anticipated that the procurement process for the dam may commence before the year’s end.
Reminding his audience of the flooding disaster of 2022 which was precipitated by the release of water from the same dam that ravaged many states, claimed 665 lives, displaced 2,437,411 persons and affected 4,476,867 persons, the NEMA DG noted that proactive action will include immediate evacuation of Nigerians from various communities to safer destinations, nationwide sensitization especially in flood-prone states and communities, de-escalation of the Early Warning messages to States; sensitization via TV and radio as well as TV and radio jingles and dissemination of press releases, clearing of drainages, readiness to embark on rescue mission, among others.
Ahmed acknowledged the effort of national and sub-national level actors as well as the collaborative efforts and support of the United Nations System in Nigeria and International Organizations led by the UN Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in responding to the needs of affected people across the country.
