Three Canadian women have been charged with fraud after allegedly impersonating Inuit in order to receive benefits from indigenous organisations.
Two 25-year-old sisters, according to police, committed fraud by posing as adopted Inuit children.
Both sisters, as well as their 59-year-old mother, are charged with two counts of fraud each. The alleged fraud was described as “flabbergasting” by one Inuit group.
The defendants are scheduled to appear in court in Iqaluit on October 30.
The RCMP in a statement said the sisters, Amira and Nadya Gill, and their mother, Karima Manji, defrauded two local organisations of “funds that are only available to Inuit beneficiaries by obtaining grants and scholarships” between October 2016 and September 2022.
Members of Canada’s Inuit people in the sparsely populated northern region are eligible for grants and scholarships as part of a 1993 indigenous land claim settlement known as the Nunavut Agreement.
The registration of indigenous status is supervised by Nunavut Tunngavik Inc, or NTI, an agency that represents Inuit in the territory.
In a March statement, NTI said that it had become “aware of possible fraudulent enrolment” of the Gill sisters after Ms Manji claimed that they were adoptive children and identified an Inuk woman as their birth mother.
They said the case was a “first of its kind” in the history of the organisation’s enrolment programme.
After an investigation, the three, who are from the province of Ontario, were removed from the NTI’s list of beneficiaries and the matter was referred to the RCMP.
The woman named by the Gills as their birth mother, Kitty Noah, said before her death in July that she was not related to the twins.
In 2021, the Gill sisters – both graduates of Queen’s University in Ontario – launched an online business selling face masks featuring designs by indigenous artists.
In an interview with Canadian broadcaster CBC, NTI President Aluki Kotierk said that “at a minimum”, the Gill sisters and their mother should return the money they received from Inuit associations.
He added that the NTI would conduct more training for enrolment committees in the future.
Mr Kotierk characterised the alleged fraud as “another form of colonisation” and part of a wider trend of non-indigenous Canadians claiming indigenous heritage.
“You’ve wanted to take our language away from us,” he said. “You’ve wanted to take our culture away from us. Now you’re trying to claim our identity? It’s just flabbergasting.”
In a statement, the NTI called the case “isolated”, but said it was strengthening enrolment criteria and would be requiring applicants to provide a copy of their long-form birth certificate.
In addition to the money given by the two local groups, the Kakivak Association and the Qikiqtani Inuit Association, claiming indigenous status also allowed the twins to receive scholarships awarded by Indspire, a Canadian indigenous charity, electricity company Hydro One and Royal Bank of Canada.
A spokesperson for the Royal Bank of Canada said that before 2021 scholarship applicants were able to self-identify as indigenous, but the requirements had since been updated.
The BBC has contacted Indspire and Hydro One for comment.
Some Canadians have referred to those falsely claiming indigenous ancestry as “pretendians”.
But Jean Teillet, a member of the Métis indigenous community, told Global News that the term downplays the severity of the issue because it “sounds harmless”.
“I prefer to call it fraud because the definition of fraud is intentional deception to obtain a material gain and that’s what we’re talking about here.”
The three women charged could not be immediately reached for comment.
